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Fertility Treatments

Fertility treatment has 3 main headings:

  • Medicines 

  • Surgical Procedures 

  • Assisted Reproductive Techniques; Including Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) and In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) 

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Medicines 

Common fertility medications include: 

  • Clomiphene – Promotes monthly egg release (ovulation) in women who do not ovulate regularly or at all 

  • Tamoxifen – An alternative to clomifene that may be offered if you have ovulation problems 

  • Metformin – Especially polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)  It is beneficial for women with  

  • Gonadotropins – May help stimulate ovulation in women and may also increase fertility in men 

  • Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone and Dopamine Agonists – are other types of medications prescribed to stimulate ovulation in women

Some of these medications can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, headache, and hot flashes. 

Talk to your doctor for more information about the possible side effects of certain medications. 

Drugs that stimulate the ovaries are not recommended for women with unexplained infertility, as they have not been found to increase the chance of pregnancy. 

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Surgical Procedures 

There are a variety of surgical procedures that can be used to investigate fertility issues and assist with fertility. 

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Fallopian Tube Surgery 

If your fallopian tubes are blocked or injured, you may need surgery to repair them. 

Surgery may be performed to open adhesions in your fallopian tubes and make it easier for eggs to pass through. 

The success of the surgery will depend on the extent of damage to your fallopian tubes. 

Possible complications of tubal surgery include the fertilized egg implanting outside the uterus ectopic pregnancy occurs. 

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TOndometriosis, Fibroids and PCOS 

Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the inner wall of the uterus grows in other places outside the uterus. 

Laparoscopic surgery is often used to destroy or remove fluid-filled sacs called cysts and endometriosis.It is used in the treatment of  . 

There are also submucosal  which are small growths in the uterus.fibroids can also be used to remove  . 

Your polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) If ovulation medication did not work, laparoscopic ovarian puncture  A minor surgical procedure called drilling may be used. 

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Surgery to Correct Epididymal Obstruction and Retrieve Sperm 

The epididymis is a spiral-like structure that helps store and transport sperm in the testicles. 

Sometimes the epididymis becomes blocked, preventing normal ejaculation of sperm. If this is causing infertility, surgery may be performed to correct the blockage. 

Surgical extraction of sperm may be an option in the following cases: 

  • There is an obstacle preventing sperm release 

  • In those born without a tube (vas deferens) that drains sperm from the testicles 

  • vasectomy had  or a failed vasectomy  after surgery.

     Surgical extraction is usually performed under local anesthesia.It is performed under general anesthesia, but depending on the type of procedure you are performing, it may also be performed under general anesthesia. It will usually be done as an outpatient procedure. 

The collected sperm will be frozen and stored under appropriate conditions for use at a later stage.

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Assisted Reproductive Techniques:

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Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) 

Intrauterine insemination (IUI), also known as artificial insemination, involves placing sperm into the uterus through a thin plastic tube passed through the cervix. 

Sperm is first collected and washed in a liquid. The highest quality samples (fastest moving) are selected. 

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In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) 

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is the fertilization of an egg outside the body. Medicine is given to encourage the ovaries to produce more eggs than normal. After 

Eggs are taken from the ovaries and fertilized with sperm in the laboratory. A fertilized egg (embryo) is then sent back to the uterus to grow and develop. 

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